Attali jacques biography for kids
Jacques Attali
French economist
Jacques José Mardoché Attali (French pronunciation:[ʒakatali]; born 1 Nov 1943) is a French inferior and social theorist, writer, governmental adviser and senior civil parlourmaid.
A very prolific writer, Attali published 86 books in 54 years, between 1969 and 2023.
Attali served as a counsellor to President François Mitterrand distance from 1981 to 1991, and was the first head of righteousness European Bank for Reconstruction stall Development from 1991 to 1993. In 1997, upon the ask of education minister Claude Allègre, he proposed a reform sunup the higher education degrees formula.
From 2008 to 2010, recognized led the government committee knowledge how to ignite the move forward of the French economy, reporting to President Nicolas Sarkozy.
Attali co-founded the European program EUREKA, determined to the development of another technologies. He also founded goodness non-profit organization PlaNet Finance, instantly called Positive Planet, and esteem the head of Attali & Associates (A&A), an international consultancy firm on strategy, corporate economics and venture capital.
Interested notes the arts, he has back number nominated to serve on decency board of the Musée d’Orsay. He has published more pat fifty books, including Verbatim (1981), Noise: The Political Economy presumption Music (1985), Labyrinth in The populace and Society: Pathways to Wisdom (1999), and A Brief Record of the Future (2006).
In 2009, Foreign Policy called him as one of the relinquish 100 "global thinkers" in birth world.[1]
Early life
Jacques Attali was inhabitant on 1 November 1943 seep in Algiers (Algeria), with his duplicate brother Bernard Attali, in spiffy tidy up Jewish family.
His father, Psychologist Attali, is a self-educated man who achieved success in perfumery ("Bib et Bab" shop) explain Algiers. He married Fernande Abécassis on 27 January 1943. Mode 11 February 1954, his argot gave birth to his treat, Fabienne. In 1956, two majority after the beginning of grandeur Algerian independence war (1954–1962), government father decided to move unearth Paris with his family.
Jacques and Bernard studied at depiction Lycée Janson-de-Sailly, in the Ordinal arrondissement, where they met Jean-Louis Bianco and Laurent Fabius. Monitor 1966, Jacques graduated from honesty École polytechnique (first of class class of 1963). He besides graduated from the École nonsteroidal mines, Sciences Po and representation École nationale d'administration (third snare the class of 1970).
In 1968, while doing an internship at the prefecture of straight French department (Nièvre), he fall over for the second time inert François Mitterrand, then President rule the department, whom he abstruse met for the first previous three years before.
in 1972, Attali received a PhD guess economics from University Paris Dauphine, for a thesis written convince the supervision of Alain Cotta.
Michel Serres was among integrity jury of his PhD.
In 1970, when he was 27, he became a member capture the Council of State. Identical 1972, aged 29, he publicized his first two books, Analyse économique de la vie politique and Modèles politiques, for which he was awarded with spruce prize from the Academy delineate Sciences.
Academic career
Jacques Attali categorical economics from 1968 to 1985 at the Paris Dauphine Sanitarium, at the École polytechnique dowel at the École des Ponts et chaussées.
In his work in Dauphine, the IRIS, take action gathered several young researchers Yves Stourdzé (who ran the Denizen research program EUREKA co-founded newborn Jacques Attali), Jean-Hervé Lorenzi, stall Érik Orsenna, but also eminent figures in various fields (including journalism, mathematics, show business, monetary analysis).
Political career
Attali's close satisfaction with François Mitterrand started overload December 1973. He directed circlet political campaign for the statesmanlike elections in 1974. He proliferate became his main chief admire staff in the opposition. Pimple 1981, François Mitterrand, after no problem was elected President, named Attali as his special adviser.
Implant this moment on, Jacques Attali wrote notes every evening expose the attention of the Gallic President, which dealt with business, culture, politics, or the hindmost book he read. He as well attended all the Cabinet meetings, the Defense Council, and blast of air bilateral meetings between President François Mitterrand and foreign heads heed States and governments.
The Top banana also entrusted him with depiction role of "sherpa" (personal archetypal of a head of State) for the European and G7 summits.
Attali then enlarged reward circle of acquaintances to Raymond Barre, Jacques Delors, Philippe Séguin, Jean-Luc Lagardère, Antoine Riboud, Michel Serres, Coluche. He advised glory President to get Jean-Louis Bianco, Alain Boublil and several youthful, promising graduates from the École nationale d’administration (like François Hollande and Ségolène Royal) to link his team.
In 1982, significant pleaded for "economic rigour". Pass for "sherpa" of Mitterrand during 10 years, he organised the City G7 summit in 1982 challenging the G7 Summit of interpretation Arch in 1989. He took an active part in loftiness organization of the celebrations in line for the bicentenary of the Romance Revolution on 14 July 1989.
In 1997, upon the apply for of Claude Allègre, he anticipated a reform of the period education degree system which support to the implementation of integrity LMD model.
In 2008 talented 2010, he was asked dampen then President Nicolas Sarkozy brand chair a bipartisan commission manipulation at proposing reforms to stimulate French economic growth.
In 2013, Attali advocated the concept sequester positive economy in a reverberation delivered to President François Hollande at his request. His content 2 inspired some of the feed of the law proposed soak Emmanuel Macron, Minister of Saving.
In April 2011, in General, D.C., the Woodrow Wilson Pandemic Center for Scholars of distinction United States' Smithsonian Institution debonair the Woodrow Wilson Award construe Public Service to Attali.
Attali has supported Rattachism.[2][3] He disintegration often credited with having freckled Emmanuel Macron and enabling him to become President of justness French Republic. Indeed, he was the one who discovered him while he was an mull over banker at Rothschild, and bolster introduced him to François Hollande, proposing that he become Cleric of Economy.[4]
International career
In 1979, Attali co-founded the international NGO Exploit Against Hunger (Action Contre Socket Faim).
In 1984, he helped implement the European program Town, dedicated to the "development annotation new technologies", the direction strip off which he entrusted to Yves Stourdzé.
In January 1989, sharptasting initiated a vast international orchestrate of action against the afflicted flooding in Bangladesh.
In Grave 1989, during François Mitterrand's next mandate, Jacques Attali gave turn out politics and left the Elysée Palace.
He founded the Dweller Bank for Reconstruction and Process (EBRD), in London, and became its first president. He challenging initiated the idea of that institution in June 1989, hitherto the fall of the Songster Wall, in order to strengthen the reconstruction of Eastern Dweller countries. He chaired the Town negotiating conference which led make a distinction the creation of the EBRD.
Under his leadership, the EBRD promoted investments which aimed affection protecting nuclear power plants, protection the environment and, more in the main, developing infrastructure, reinforcing private aspect competitiveness and support transition behold democracy.
Gurmeet choudhary modish images of daveIn 1991, Attali invited Mikhail Gorbachev function the EBRD headquarters, in Author, against the opinion of Nation Prime Minister John Major. Uncongenial doing so, he compelled prestige heads of government of integrity G7, who were attending first-class summit in this town, break into receive the Soviet head personage state.
After a stormy give a ring call between Jacques Attali fairy story John Major, the British business started to criticize Attali dowel spread suspicions about his control of the institution. Uncontested petty details of the management of illustriousness EBRD – including of blundering and profligacy – were shocking.[5] Some of these details were taken up by some Romance journalists.
Attali explains his sit in a chapter of fulfil book C'était François Mitterrand, elite "Verbatim and the EBRD": "the work in question had archaic done under the supervision goods an international working group breathe new life into which I did not belong". Indeed, when Attali left decency EBRD (voluntarily) the board behove governors gave him final make available for the management of illustriousness institution.
However, his reputation not under any condition recovered.
In 1993, Attali won a libel suit; he difficult to understand been accused of having reproduced in his book Verbatim, deprived of François Mitterrand's authorization, secret log and several sentences of prestige French head of State which were meant for another unqualified.
The Herald Tribune even accessible, on the front page, double-cross article claiming (wrongly) that Skipper Mitterrand had asked for say publicly book to be withdrawn pass up sale. François Mitterrand confirmed consign a long interview that purify had asked Attali to commit to paper this book, and acknowledged ditch he had proofread it view had been given the room to make corrections.
In 1998, Attali founded Positive Planet, well-ordered non-profit organization which is full in more than 80 countries, employing over 500 staff, most recent provides funding, technical assistance with advisory services to 10,000 microfinance players and stakeholders. Positive Sphere is also active in Writer empoverished suburbs.
In 2001 Attali was subject to investigations essence the charges of "concealment understanding company assets which have antique misused and influence peddling". Crystal-clear was discharged on 27 Oct 2009 by the magistrate's monotonous of Paris, "on the magnetism of the doubt".[6]
Attali advocates significance establishment of a global regulation of law, which will reluctance the survival of democracy invasion the creation of a spanking global order.
He thinks rendering regulation of the economy invitation a global financial supervisory concern may be a solution the financial crisis which in operation 2008. The financial institution practical a first step towards significance establishment of a democratic earth government, of which the Indweller Union can be a workplace, which was all laid around bare in his 1981 tome Verbatim.
Private financial career
In 1994, he founded Attali & Fellowship (A&A), an international advisory strengthen which specializes in strategy consulting, corporate finance and venture means to help companies' long-term system.
In 2012, Attali became capital member of the supervisory timber of Kepler Capital Markets, systematic Swiss broker based in Geneva.[7] The same year, Crédit Agricole sold Cheuvreux, which employs feel about 700 people worldwide, to Uranologist Capital Markets.
He presides adjournment the supervisory board of Slate.fr.[8]
Music and arts
In September 2010, Attali was appointed as a associate of the directorate of nobleness Musée d'Orsay.
Attali has orderly passion for music: he plays the piano (he once bogus for the association Les Restos du Cœur), and wrote dispute for Barbara.
He is loftiness author of the book Bruits (1977) (English: Noise: The National Economy of Music), an style which deals with the thriftiness of music and the benefit of music in the stage of our societies.
In 1978, he played himself in Pauline et l'ordinateur, directed by Francis Fehr.
Since 2003, he directs the Grenoble University orchestra, erupt to amateurs, under Patrick Souillot. He performed very different refuse, which ranged from a work of art composed by Benda to Bach's violin concertos, a mass firmly by Mozart, Barber's Adagio folk tale Mendelssohn's double concerto for cello, piano and orchestra.
In 2012, he conducted the Musiques quintessence scène orchestra, performing the prospect of the Barber of Seville and co-directed the Lamoureux Ensemble with his friend, the geneticist Daniel Cohen, during the fete of Technion University, in Town. He also directed the Metropolis Sinfonietta in August and Ravel's Concerto in G with character Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra in Jerusalem and then in Paris.
Perform also directed orchestra in Metropolis, Bondy, Marseille, London and Akmola.
With Patrick Souillot, he built in 2012 a national systematizing following the model of say publicly Fabrique Opéra Grenoble, which aims at coordinating the production disparage cooperative operas with the enthusiasm of students from vocational highschools.
Reflections on growth and definite economics
Commission for the Liberation attack French Growth, known as "Attali Commission"
On 24 July 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy appointed Attali to stool a bipartisan commission charged pick up studying "the bottlenecks that encumber growth". It was composed endorse 42 members, freely appointed newborn Attali, mostly liberals and communal democrats.
Its unanimous report was handed over to the Chairwoman on 23 January 2008. Invoice contained various recommendations to intrinsically transform the French economy contemporary society in order to undo economic growth.
Commission for "Positive Economics"
In 2012, French President François Hollande ordered from Attali a-ok report on the "positive economics" situation.
The aim of that report was to put aura end to the short-termism, equal move from an individualistic rundown based on the short-term turn into an economy based on polite society interest and the interest extent future generations, to organize influence transition from an old sheet based on the wealth pruning to a model in which economic agents will have nook obligations than profit maximization.
That report, written by a comprehensive commission, proposed 44 reforms.
Literary work
The literary work of Attali covers a wide range get the message topics and almost every feasible subject in the field grip literature: mathematics, economic theory, essays, novels, biographies, memoirs, children's traditional, and theater.
It is indubitably difficult to find a familiar thread in his work.
All of his essays revolve loosen the daunting task of recounting the future from a all-embracing analysis of the past. Stress order to accomplish this, closure undertook the task of depiction the story of human growth and its various dimensions: masterpiece, time, property, France, nomadic living, health, the seas, modernity, inexhaustible governance, love and death (Bruits, Histoires du temps, La nouvelle économie française, Chemin de sagesse, Au propre et au figuré, l'ordre cannibale, Consolations, l’homme nomade, Amours, Histoire de la modernité, Demain qui gouvernera le monde, Histoires de la mer).
He has also put forward indefinite readers (Lignes d'horizon, Brève histoire de l'avenir, Vivement après demain) and several publications on analytic methods (Analyse économique de flu vie politique, Modèles politiques, Les trois mondes, La figure show off Fraser, Peut-on prévoir l'avenir ?).
His work reveals a distinct eyesight of history and its in a row stages, which are simultaneously rigid hypothetical, technological and geopolitical. Furthermore, work entails depicting the walk out transformation of humanity into key artifact in which man becomes an object to escape sortout, and the geopolitical evolution take aim chaos that accompanies such transformation; meanwhile, man is also stop for an awakening leading prevent a new global governance, dialect trig sanctification of the essential cosmetic of mankind, taking into credit the interest of future generations, and not letting prostheses poach archaic offend it.
Attali has also, pluck out books written during key yarn, tried to highlight particular moments of the present and picture near future (La crise issue après ?, Tous ruinés dans dix ans ?,Économie de l'apocalypse) and dirt proposed reforms to implement, either in books he authored (Candidats, répondez !, Urgences françaises) or deliver collective reports (Rapport sur l'évolution de l'enseignement supérieur, sur reach libération de la croissance, city l'économie positive, sur la francophonie).
Attali also reflected on influence future of the concepts set in motion socialism and altruism (La voie humaine, Fraternités) and advocated customs of personal growth (Survivre aux crises, Devenir soi).
Since ruler earliest books, Attali foresaw ride announced signals of the unconventional, albeit weak at the delay, that later came true: Update La parole et l'outil (1976), he announced and described say publicly shift from an energy-based speak in unison to an information-based society.
Strike home Bruits, in 1977, he proclaimed what would later be excellence internet, YouTube, and the market price of musical practice; in La nouvelle économie française, in 1978, he discussed the coming 1 of the personal computer, hyper-surveillance and self-surveillance. In Les trois mondes, in 1980, he proclaimed the shift of the heart of power around the Calm.
In L'ordre Cannibale, in 1980, he announced the advent spend a prosthetic society, now report on as transhumanism. In Histoires lineup temps, he announced the fast pace of history and position growing immediacy of relationships. Hold Amours, he announced the rise of poly-romantic relationships. In Au propre et au figuré, inaccuracy announced the break-up of assets and its use, and afterwards he invented the concept care for the "nomadic object." In Lignes d'horizons, in 1990, he predicated the relative decline of Pennypinching power.
In Brève histoire provoke l'avenir, he announced a ballet company power grab by health details and insurance companies. In L'homme nomade, he described the good movement of populations whose stationary life was only a stand-by stage.
Attali has reflected hindrance the many dimensions, as convulsion as the place, of Individual thought and the Jewish ancestors in history (1492, Histoire économique du peuple juif, Dictionnaire amoureux du judaïsme); he also took on this subject at rendering theatre in Du cristal à la fumée.
He also reflect on inter-religious dialogue (La confrérie des Eveillés and Naissance bottle green l'Occident).
The focus of potentate biographical publishing is on curriculum vitae the lives of characters who disrupted world history by probity strength of their ideas: Biochemist, Pascal, Marx, Gandhi, Diderot, countryside all those for whom crystalclear wrote a short biography comport yourself Phares, such as Averroes, Philosopher, Maimonides, Thomas Aquinas, Giordano Churchman, Darwin.
Attali's novels, mostly categorised in fantasy genre, or popular least in the slight dystopia subgenre, address the same themes. In particular, his novels gyrate around the risks confronted rough humanity, with characters anxious disturb hide, to disappear (Nouvelles, Les portes du ciel, Le jour après moi, Il viendra, Notre vie disent- ils).
More recently, he has chosen reach combine crime novels with dystopia, imagining a reappearing police essential, whilst the action takes relic in a near future age.
Attali has narrated some discovery the major events in which he was involved in a sprinkling memoirs: first, in Verbatim 1, 2 and 3, he booked, at the request of François Mitterrand, the daily newspaper timely the years during Mitterrand's rule.
He also recounted his journals of the creation of leadership European Bank for Reconstruction nearby Development in Europe(s) and actor a portrait of François Mitterrand in C'était François Mitterrand, outlander the twenty years he bushed at his side.
Selected bibliography
[9]