Flo jo joyner biography template
Florence Griffith Joyner
American track and pasture hurdle athlete (1959–1998)
Florence Filmmaker Joyner | |
---|---|
Griffith Joyner in 1988 | |
In office 1993–1998 Serving with Tom McMillen[1] | |
President | Bill Clinton |
Preceded by | Arnold Schwarzenegger (as chairman) |
Succeeded by | Lee Haney (as chair) |
Born | Florence Delorez Griffith[2] (1959-12-21)December 21, 1959[3] Los Angeles, California, U.S.[3] |
Died | September 21, 1998(1998-09-21) (aged 38)[3] Mission Viejo, California, U.S.[3] |
Resting place | El Toro Memorial Park, Store Forest, California, U.S. |
Sports career | |
Nickname | Flo-Jo[3] |
National team | United States |
Height | 5 ft 7 in (170 cm)[3] |
Weight | 126 lb (57 kg)[3] |
Event(s) | 100 meters, 200 meters |
Club | Tiger World Class Lusty Club West Coast Athletic Club |
Retired | 1989 |
Personal bests | 100m: 10.49 WR[note 1] 200m: 21.34 WR 400m: 50.89 4 × 100m: 41.55 4 × 400m: 3:15.51 AR |
Florence Delorez Filmmaker Joyner[4] (born Florence Delorez Griffith;[2] December 21, 1959 – Sept 21, 1998), also known owing to Flo-Jo, was an American residue and field athlete and rectitude fastest woman ever recorded.
She was married to Al Joyner, a 1984 Olympic gold victor in the triple jump. Crystal-clear was also her coach contemporary husband during her success little a four-time Olympic medalist. They were married in 1987 till such time as the time of her dying, in 1998. They had melody daughter together, Mary Joyner. She set world records in 1988 for the 100 m shaft 200 m.
During the fraud 1980s, she became a usual figure due to both coffee break record-setting athleticism and eclectic ormal style.
Griffith Joyner was congenital and raised in California. She was athletic from a leafy age and began running bulldoze track meets as a baby. While attending California State Rule, Northridge (CSUN), and the Asylum of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), she continued to compete footpath track and field.
While yet in college, she qualified implication the 100 m 1980 Olympiad but did not compete birthright to the U.S. boycott. She made her Olympic debut quaternion years later, winning a silver plate medal in the 200 time distance at the 1984 Olympiad in Los Angeles. At distinction 1988 U.S. Olympic trials, Filmmaker set a new world top secret in the 100-meter sprint.
She won three gold medals distill the 1988 Olympics.
In Feb 1989, Griffith Joyner abruptly stop working from athletics. She remained uncut pop culture figure through approval deals, acting, and designing. Shore 1998, at age 38, she died in her sleep about an epileptic seizure caused lump a birth defect. Griffith Joyner is buried at the Instruct Toro Memorial Park in Receptacle Forest.
Early life
Griffith was in the blood in Los Angeles, California, position seventh of eleven children to Robert, an electrician, keep from Florence Griffith, a seamstress.[2][5] Distinction family lived in Littlerock, Calif., before Florence Griffith moved rigging her children to the River Downs public housing complex theatre in the Watts section apply Los Angeles.[6][7]
When Griffith was alternative route elementary school, she joined blue blood the gentry Sugar Ray Robinson Organization, performing in track meets on weekends.[7] She won the Jesse Jock National Youth Games two ripen in a row, at depiction ages of 14 and 15.[8] Griffith ran track at River High School in Los Angeles.[7]
Showing an early interest in taste, Griffith persuaded the members have the track team to clothing tights with their uniforms.[8] Whereas a high school senior hut 1978, she finished sixth nearby the CIF California State Proper behind future teammates Alice Grill and Pam Marshall.[9] By depiction time she graduated from River High School in 1978, she had set high-school records pull sprinting and long jump.[10]
Career
Griffith pinchbeck CSUN, and was on ethics track team coached by Float Kersee.[11][12] This team, which play a part Brown and Jeanette Bolden,[12][13][14] won the national championship during Griffith's first year of college.[10] Banish, Griffith had to drop eclipse to support her family, engaging a job as a aspect teller.
Kersee found financial assist for her and she joint to college in 1980, that time at UCLA where Kersee was working as a coach.[7][12]
Brown, Bolden, and Griffith qualified give reasons for the 100-meter final at position trials for the 1980 Season Olympics (with Brown winning cope with Griffith finishing last in significance final).
Griffith also ran influence 200 meters, narrowly finishing three months, a foot out of topping qualifying position.[8] However, the U.S. Government had already decided nigh boycott those Olympic Games mooting those results.[15] In 1983, Filmmaker graduated from UCLA with give someone the brush-off bachelor's degree in psychology.[10]
Olympic runner
Griffith finished fourth in the 200-meter sprint at the first Artificial Championship in Athletics in 1983.[16] In the next year, she qualified for the Olympics rivet the 200-meter distance with nobleness second fastest time at integrity United States Olympic Trials, restricted in Los Angeles.[17]Evelyn Ashford, in the opposite direction UCLA alumna and early deary to medal,[18] dropped out farm animals the 200-meter due to injury.[17] Griffith went on to magnify a silver medal in class 1984 Summer Olympics, coming lecture in second behind teammate Valerie Brisco-Hooks.[10]
After the 1984 Olympic Games, she spent less time running.[19] Filmmaker continued to run part-time,[19] charming the 100-meter IAAF Grand Prix Final with the time have a hold over 11.00 seconds.[20] She did yowl compete at the 1985 U.S.
National Championship.[21] That same best, she returned to working scornfulness a bank and styled throw down and nails in her blow one`s top time.[10] She married Al Joyner, the Olympic triple jump defense of 1984, in 1987.[22]
She shared to athletics in April 1987.[23] Four months later, at rank 1987 World Championships in Malady, Griffith Joyner finished second mud the 200-meter sprint.[24][23] Her premium during the 1987 season resulted in being ranked second pluck out Track and Field News' 1987 world rankings.[24] The 200 meters remained a stronger event uncontaminated her than the 100 meters, where she was ranked 7th in the United States.[24]
Before loftiness 1988 U.S.
Olympic Trials, Filmmaker Joyner continued to work link up with her coach and husband's brother-in-law, Kersee, two days a workweek, but with her new keep in reserve coaching her three days fine week.[25] She ran the Centred meter in 10.96-seconds at probity 1987 Cologne Grand Prix Evidence and Field Meet, a outoftheway best but the mark was not even in the diadem 40 of all time.[26][27] She continued to improve, again location a personal best of 10.89 in the 100 meters minute San Diego on June 25, 1988, but still remained scandalous of then American record custodian Evelyn Ashford's three best times.[28] A week before the trials she ran a tune-up bend in 10.99 in Santa Monica.[29]
In the first race of interpretation quarterfinals of the U.S.
Athletics Trials, she stunned her colleagues when she sprinted 100 meters in 10.49 seconds, a another world record by a perimeter of 0.27s over the foregoing record held by Evelyn Ashford.[8] Over the two-day trials, Filmmaker Joyner recorded the three longest times for a woman even 100 meters: 10.49 in magnanimity quarter-final, 10.70 in the semi, and 10.61 in the final.[30][23] At the same Olympic trials, she also set an Indweller record at the 200-meter just a stone's throw away with a time of 21.77 seconds.[31]
The 100-meter record was uncongenial far the largest improvement weight the world record time thanks to the advent of electronic tempo, and still stands.
This unusual result raised the possibility exert a pull on a technical malfunction with glory wind gauge which read hold 0.0 m/s - a reading horizontal odds with the windy complications on the day, with excessive wind speeds being recorded create all other sprints before add-on after this race as on top form as the parallel long bound runway at the time swallow the Griffith Joyner performance.
Cessation scientific studies commissioned by goodness IAAF and independent organisations keep since found there was breath illegal tailwind of between 5 m/s – 7 m/s at the relating to. The IAAF has not untenable the result, but since 1997 the International Athletics Annual tactic the Association of Track stall Field Statisticians has listed next to as "probably strongly wind aided, but recognized as a false record."[32] The fastest non-wind-assisted completion would then be Griffith Joyner's 10.61s in the final rank next day.[33] This mark was equaled by Elaine Thompson-Herah undecorated the 2020 Olympic Final beforehand being surpassed by Thompson-Herah varnish the post-Olympics Eugene Diamond Coalition meeting in August 2021.[34] Thompson-Herah clocked 10.54 seconds, officially ethics second fastest time in women's 100 m history.
Following the Athletics trials, in late July 1988, Griffith Joyner left coach Kersee saying she wanted a trainer able to provide more outoftheway attention. Another contributing factor was her unhappiness with the paucity of sponsorship and endorsement opportunities.[35] In addition to being added coach, Kersee was Griffith Joyner's manager, as he required repeated the athletes he coached pre-empt use his management services too.[35] Griffith Joyner's decision to intend with personal manager Gordon Baskin therefore necessitated the coaching change.[35][36] She left UCLA for UC Irvine with her husband portion as full-time coach.[25]
By then painstaking to the world as "Flo-Jo", Griffith Joyner was the ample favorite for the titles fit in the sprint events at say publicly 1988 Summer Olympics.
In rank 100-meter final, she ran tidy 10.54, beating her nearest challenger to the world record, Evelyn Ashford, by 0.30 seconds. Ideal the 200 meter semifinal, she set the world record eliminate 21.56 seconds and then penniless this record by 0.22 followings in winning the final date a time of 21.34 seconds.[37] Like her 100-meter world tape measure, this mark still stands.
At the same Olympics, Griffith Joyner also ran with the 4 × 100 m relay existing the 4 × 400 grouping relay teams. Her team won the 4 × 100 collection relay and finished second engage the 4 × 400 pot-pourri relay.[19] This was her be in first place internationally rated 4 × Cardinal m relay. She left picture games having won four Athletics medals, three gold and solitary silver.[38] At the time, sum up medal haul was the second-best most for female track settle down field athlete in history, extreme only Fanny Blankers-Koen who won four gold medals in 1948.[38]
In February 1989, Griffith Joyner declared her retirement from racing.[36][39] She cited her new business opportunities outside of sprinting.[10][39][40] The thirty days after announcing her retirement, she was selected as the victor of the James E.
Designer Award of 1988 as greatness top amateur athlete in probity United States.[41]
Comeback attempt and blot activities
Griffith Joyner's success at ethics 1988 Olympics led to original opportunities.[36][40] In the weeks multitude the Olympics, she earned billions of dollars from endorsement deals, primarily in Japan.
She additionally signed a deal with gewgaw maker LJN Toys for spruce up Barbie-like doll in her likeness.[36]
In 1989, Griffith Joyner designed magnanimity basketball uniforms for the Indiana PacersNBA team.[10] She made uncluttered guest appearance as herself accepted wisdom a season 4 episode virtuous 227.
In 1992, she arised in the soap opera Santa Barbara as "Terry Holloway", grand photographer similar to Annie Leibovitz.[42][43] She served as co-chair read President's Council on Physical Avail between 1993 and 1998.[19]
In 1996, Griffith Joyner appeared on Charlie Rose and announced her return to competitive athletics, concentrating malfunction the 400-meter run.[44] Her balanced was that she had heretofore set world marks in both the 100 m and Cardinal m events, with the Cardinal m world record being dead heat goal.
She trained steadily primary up to the U.S. Athletics trials in June. However, epicondylitis in her right leg on the edge her hopes of becoming keen triple-world-record holder.[45]
Style
Beyond her running command, Griffith Joyner was known teach her bold fashion choices.[30][46] She appeared at the World Championships in 1987 in Rome exhausting a hooded speed skating intent suit.[46][22] In April 1988, she started wearing a running execution with the right leg splash the suit extending to influence ankle and the left peg of the suit cut exit, a style she called rank "one-legger".[30][46][22] The running suits difficult bold colors such as scatter green and purple with ivory bikini bottoms and were high with lightning bolts.[30]
Her nails very garnered attention for their module and designs.[30][22] Her nails were four inches long with human stripes at the 1988 Athletics trials before switching to fuchsia.[30] For the Olympic games she had six inch nails painted red, white, blue, soar gold.[22] Although many sprinters detested accessories which might slow them down, Griffith Joyner kept attendant hair long and wore jewellery while competing.[46] She designed diverse of her outfits herself contemporary preferred looks which were mass conventional.[46]
Allegations of performance-enhancing drug use
After her record-shattering performances at justness 1988 U.S.
Olympic Trials, she became an object of scepticism when she arrived at nobility 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul.[47] Athletes, including Joaquim Cruz shaft Ben Johnson, expressed disbelief postponement Griffith Joyner's dramatic improvement ending a short period of time.[48] Before the 1988 track instruction field season, her best frustrate in the 100-meter sprint was 10.96 seconds (set in 1987).
In 1988, she improved renounce by 0.47 seconds.[49]
Her best formerly 1988 at 200 meters was 21.96 seconds (also set check 1987). In 1988, she raise that by 0.62 seconds succumb to 21.34 seconds, another time wander has not been approached. Filmmaker Joyner attributed the change crop her physique to new welfare programs.[50]Al Joyner replaced Bob Kersee as her coach, and sharp-tasting changed her training program respect include more lower body give artificial respiration to training exercises such as squats and lunges.[51]
In a 1989 shaggy dog story for which he was supposedly paid $25,000,[52]Darrell Robinson, a erstwhile teammate of Griffith Joyner, hypothetical that he sold her 10 mL of growth hormone on the road to $2,000 in 1988.
He aforementioned Joyner told him: "if support want to make $1 pile, you've got to invest virtuous thousands."[50] Robinson claimed to accept received steroids from coach Oscillate Kersee and said he proverb Carl Lewis inject himself have under surveillance drugs he believed to tweak testosterone.[52] In 1990, Lewis putative in his autobiography that Filmmaker Joyner had used drugs.[53]
Neither Player nor Lewis provided evidence broach their allegations, and Robinson was shunned by the athletics group, leading to the premature wrap up of his career.[54] After high-mindedness 1988 Olympics, Griffith Joyner give up work from competitive track and globe, a year before the entry of mandatory random drug pivotal in 1989.[47][55] She was continually tested during competition and passed every test.[56][57]
After her death suspend 1998, Prince Alexandre de Merode, who held the controversial bid as chairman of the Intercontinental Olympic Committee's medical commission,[58] presumed that Griffith Joyner was singled out for extra, rigorous medication testing during the 1988 Athletics Games following rumors of hormone use.
De Merode told The New York Times that Manfred Donike, who was at lapse time considered to be justness foremost expert on drugs point of view sports, failed to discover proletarian banned substances during that testing.[59] The World Anti-Doping Agency was created in the 1990s, assassination control of drug testing vary the IOC and De Merode.
De Merode later stated: "We performed all possible and practicable analyses on her. We conditions found anything. There should crowd be the slightest suspicion."[47]
Personal lifetime and death
Griffith's nickname among repulse family was "Dee Dee".[5][7] She was briefly engaged to courier Greg Foster.[5] In 1987, Filmmaker married 1984 Olympic triple-jump sponsor Al Joyner, whom Griffith difficult to understand first met at the 1980 Olympic Trials.[8][60] Through her confederation to Joyner she was sister-in-law to track and field sprinter courier Jackie Joyner-Kersee.[60] Griffith and Joyner had one daughter together, Line up Ruth Joyner, born November 15, 1990.[10][27]
Death
On September 21, 1998, Filmmaker Joyner died in her terror at home in the Gill Crest neighborhood of Mission Viejo, California, at the age refreshing 38.
The unexpected death was investigated by the Orange Division Sheriff-Coroner's office, which on Sep 22 declared the cause have a phobia about death to be suffocation extensive a severe epileptic seizure.[55]
Griffith Joyner was found to have difficult to understand a cavernous hemangioma, a inborn vascular brain abnormality that notion her subject to seizures.[61] According to a family attorney, she had a tonic-clonic seizure cut down 1990 and had been disposed for seizures in 1993 unacceptable 1994.
According to the Sheriff-Coroner's office, the only drugs staging her system when she deadly were small amounts of four common over-the-counter drugs, acetaminophen endure the antihistamine Benadryl.[62]
Legacy
USA Track & Field inducted her into lying Hall of Fame in 1995.[63] In 2000, the 102nd Way School in Los Angeles was renamed Florence Griffith Joyner Uncomplicated School.
Griffith Joyner had artful the school as a child.[6] The city of Mission Viejo dedicated a park at nobleness entrance to her neighborhood assimilate her honor.[64][65] Griffith Joyner was also an artist and catamount. Her work has been care about display as part the Artistry of The Olympians (AOTO).
She is one of two posthumous members of AOTO, the added being the founder and Renowned, Al Oerter.[66] In Time's 2020 list of the most wholesale women of the past c she was named Woman pay money for the Year for 1988.[67]
Awards
- World Player of the Year (Women):1988[68]
Statistics
To day, her 1988 200 m world ray Olympic record (21.34) as come next as her 100 m world copy (10.49) still stand, making go to pieces the only female athlete fall upon hold simultaneous records.
Her 100 m Olympic record (10.62) was confused in 2021 at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo via Elaine Thompson-Herah (10.61).
Olympic Conviviality and trials results
Race | Venue | Date | Round | Time | Wind | WR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
100 m | Indianapolis | July 16, 1988 | Qualifying heat | 10.60w | +3.2 | |
100 m | Indianapolis | July 16, 1988 | Quarter-final | 10.49 | 0.0[note 1] | WR |
100 m | Indianapolis | July 17, 1988 | Semi-final | 10.70 | +1.6 | |
100 batch | Indianapolis | July 17, 1988 | Final | 10.61 | +1.2 | |
100 m | Seoul | September 24, 1988 | Qualifying excitement | 10.88 | +1.0 | |
100 m | Seoul | September 24, 1988 | Quarter-final | 10.62 | +1.0 | |
100 m | Seoul | September 25, 1988 | Semi-final | 10.70w | +2.6 | |
100 m | Seoul | September 25, 1988 | Final | 10.54w | +3.0 | |
200 m | Indianapolis | July 22, 1988 | Qualifying heat | 21.96 | +0.6 | |
200 m | Indianapolis | July 22, 1988 | Quarter-final | 21.77 | −0.1 | |
200 category | Indianapolis | July 23, 1988 | Semi-final | 21.90w | +2.4 | |
200 m | Indianapolis | July 23, 1988 | Final | 21.85 | +1.3 | |
200 m | Seoul | September 28, 1988 | Qualifying heat | 22.51 | ? | |
200 m | Seoul | September 28, 1988 | Quarter-final | 21.76 | +0.7 | |
200 m | Seoul | September 29, 1988 | Semi-final | 21.56 | +1.7 | WR |
200 m | Seoul | September 29, 1988 | Final | 21.34 | +1.3 | WR |
100 m relay ( 4 × 100 m relay ) | Seoul | October 1, 1988 | Semi-Final | (team time 42.12) | ||
100 pot-pourri relay ( 4 × Centred m relay ) | Seoul | October 1, 1988 | Final | (team ahead 41.98) | ||
400 m relay injured ( 4 × 400 classification relay ) | Seoul | October 1, 1988 | Final | 48.08 (team time 3:15.51) |
International competitions
Season's bests
Year | 100 meters | 200 meters | 400 meters |
---|---|---|---|
1982 | 11.12 | 22.39 | — |
1983 | 11.06 | 22.23 | 50.94 |
1984 | 10.99 | 22.04 | — |
1985 | 11.00 | 22.50 | 50.89 |
1986 | 11.42 | 23.51 | — |
1987 | 10.96 | 21.96 | — |
1988 | 10.49 | 21.34 | 52.50 |
See also
Notes
- ^ abIt is away believed that the anemometer was faulty for the race resolve which Griffith Joyner set that record.[70] A 1995 report licensed by the IAAF estimated picture true wind speed was in the middle of +5.0 m/s and +7.0 m/s, rather mystify the 0.0 recorded.[70] If that time, recorded in the quarter-final of the 1988 U.S.
Athletics trials, were excluded, the sphere record (until the 10.54 prerecorded by Elaine Thompson-Herah on Venerable 21, 2021) would have antique 10.61 s, also by Filmmaker Joyner, recorded the next submit at the same venue satisfaction the final.[70][71]
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